Rice straw biochar production machine can produce a porous solid material rich in carbon under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. Rice straw biochar, known as "black gold," has shown great application potential in agriculture, environmental protection, and other fields.
Working Principle of Straw Biochar Production Equipment
Rice straw biochar production equipment is key to converting straw into high-value biochar. Its production mainly includes the following important steps:
Raw Material Pretreatment
To ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent carbonization process, rice straw first needs to be pretreated. This step usually uses crushing equipment to break long straws into smaller sizes, facilitating subsequent processing. The purpose of this is to increase the specific surface area of the straw, allowing it to be heated more evenly during subsequent drying and carbonization.
If the moisture content of the straw is too high, drying is also required. The heat required for drying often comes from the heat generated during carbonization, thus achieving energy recycling.
Pyrolysis Carbonization
This is the core step in rice straw biochar production equipment, determining the key to converting rice husk straw into biochar.
In an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-limited environment, rice husk straw is heated to a certain temperature, typically between 300°C and 800°C.
Within this temperature range, the rice husk straw undergoes a pyrolysis reaction. Volatile components in the straw, such as combustible gases, tar, and wood vinegar, are gradually decomposed and released. The remaining solid residue is the structurally stable, carbon-rich biochar.
Mingjie's continuous carbonization reactor is highly efficient and suitable for large-scale continuous biochar production. Raw materials are continuously fed from one end, completing the carbonization process within the reactor, and char is continuously produced from the other end.
Energy Recovery
The carbonization process generates a large amount of combustible gases, mainly containing CO, H2, and CH4, as well as combustible tar and wood vinegar. To achieve both environmental protection and resource utilization, these byproducts need to be treated.
A condensation and separation system cools the high-temperature flue gas, separating the wood vinegar and tar. The purified combustible gases have two main uses. One is combustion for heating, introducing them into drying equipment or the carbonization furnace itself as a heat source to achieve energy self-sufficiency. The other, in larger-scale applications, is to drive generators to generate electricity, achieving secondary energy conversion and utilization.
Simultaneously, the exhaust gas and unusable combustible gases after combustion also need to be purified. Spray towers, dust collectors, and desulfurization and denitrification devices ensure that emissions meet environmental standards.
Biochar Collection
The biochar produced after carbonization is at a very high temperature and requires cooling. It is cooled to a safe temperature using a water-cooled spiral device before storage.
By-product Processing
The separated wood vinegar and tar are not entirely useless. The wood vinegar can be collected and stored as a raw material for liquid fertilizer, deodorizers, and pesticides. The tar can be used as fuel or for further processing.
